Modeling and Characterization of the Passive Bending Stiffness of Nanoparticle‐Coated Sperm Cells using Magnetic Excitation

Of all the various locomotion strategies in low- R e $Re$ , traveling-wave propulsion methods with an elastic tail are preferred because they can be developed using simple designs and fabrication procedures. The only intrinsic property of that governs form rate wave propagation along its length is bending stiffness. Such traveling motion performed by spermatozoa, which possess a characterized variable stiffness length. In this paper, passive magnetic nanoparticle-coated flagella bull sperm cells measured contactless electromagnetic-based excitation method. Numerical elasto-hydrodynamic models first to predict relaxation nonuniform flagella. Then solutions provided for groups disparate nanoparticle coatings relate their decay after field removed flagellum restores original configuration. numerical verified experimentally, capture effect coating on It also shown electrostatic self-assembly enables arbitrarily magnetizable cellular segments flagellum. found depend number location magnetized segments.